28. Numbers Basic
Korean Numbers
Korean language has 2 types of number. One is based on Chinese, Another is based on native Korean. I prefer to call it PURE Korean though. Because that’s how Koreans call it.
How To Use Them
Both are used in different things. It’s not about being formal or not. Koreans use each on different things. You can use whatever you want and native Koreans would understand but of course, it’s not natural much.
Sino Korean Numbers are used for :
Phone numbers, Public Transports(Bus num, Line num), Height, Weight, Address, Years, Months, Minutes, Seconds, Prices, Money. I mean almost things.
Native Korean Numbers are used for :
Hours, Age, Counting a small amount or people.
Sino-Numbers (Chinese Numbers)
Sino-numbers are numbers based on Chinese words. If you’ve learned Japanese and Chinese, you can find the similarity for numbers.
Sino-numbers are quite easy. from 십(10), it shows the digit. So, you can write 1 to 99 only by learning numbers from 1 to 10.
이(2) + 십(10) = 이십(20)
삼(3) + 백(100) + 팔(8) + 십(10) + 구(9) = 삼백팔십구(389)
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
영 | 일 | 이 | 삼 | 사 |
5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
오 | 육 | 칠 | 팔 | 구 |
10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
십 | 십일 | 십이 | 십삼 | 십사 |
15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
십오 | 십육 | 십칠 | 십팔 | 십구 |
20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
이십 | 삼십 | 사십 | 오십 | 육십 |
70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 1000 |
칠십 | 팔십 | 구십 | 백 | 천 |
Math
오 + 칠 = 십이
5 + 7 = 12
Date
이천십오년 팔월 십구일
Aug 19th 2015
Money
삼만 오천원
35,000 won
Phone number
공팔구 일이삼 사오육칠
089–123–4567
= For phone number, you must use ‘공’ instead of ‘영’
Bus number
천삼백 다시 오
1300–5
Native Korean Numbers
Yes, I’m a Native Korean but I don’t know how to count after 99 in Native Korean because we don’t use native Korean numbers after 100. Even for ages, Koreans count it in Korean numbers and then at some point they mix up and then at some point they just say in Chinese numbers.
To be 100% honest, I looked up for numbers after 40 in Korean numbers. No lie, I have no many chance to say or hear native Korean numbers in real life more than 40. So, I really don’t know. Of course, I will know when I’m older though.
Native Korean numbers are more similar to English.
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
– | 하나 | 둘 | 셋 | 넷 |
5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
다섯 | 여섯 | 일곱 | 여덟 | 아홉 |
10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
열 | 열하나 | 열둘 | 열셋 | 열넷 |
15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
열다섯 | 열여섯 | 열일곱 | 열여덟 | 열아홉 |
20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
스물 | 서른 | 마흔 | 쉰 | 예순 |
70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 1000 |
일흔 | 여든 | 아흔 | 온 | ? |
Time : Hour
세시 삽십분
3:30
Age
스물두살
22 years old
Amount
다섯 마리
5 animals
Number + Noun
If a noun follows a native Korean number after, you must use 한, 두, 세, 네, 스무 instead. You will see this way more often than 하나, 둘, 셋 in a real conversation.
exact 20 becomes ‘스무’ from ‘스물’ but after 20, it’s same. 스물하나… 스물둘…
if the number is too large in native Korean, then Koreans just use the Chinese number system instead. Normally it happens after 20.
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 11 |
한 | 두 | 세 | 네 | 열한 |
12 | 13 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
열두 | 열세 | 스무 | 스물한 | 스물둘 |
Time : Hour
한시
1 o’clock
Amount
한 사람
1 person
Amount
네 마리
4 animals
Age
세살
3 years old
Amount (Chinese)
삼십명
30 persons
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